SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA, NIGERIA: EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS.
Abstract
This study examined the socio-demographic determinants of academic achievement among secondary school students in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. The study is premised on the foundation of Vision 2030 and its priority for education as a major component of the social pillar of the world economy. This is also, coupled with its highlight on socio-demographic factors as major component of academic achievement among adolescents who made up the secondary school population. Descriptive design method was employed for the study, with a sample of 150 participants, which comprise of 74 (49.3%) male and 76 (50.7%) female students who were selected through a simple random sampling technique. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through a structured questionnaire developed by the Researchers, and Parent Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) developed by Buri (1991) respectively. Three hypotheses were tested using t-test for independence and multiple regression analysis at 0.05 level of significance. Results demonstrated significant parenting styles difference on academic achievement [t (148) = 3.89; P<.05]. Additionally, result revealed a significant gender difference on academic achievement [t (148) = 3.21; P<.05]. Lastly, findings shows a significant joint prediction of demographic variables on academic achievement {R= .26; R2= .06 F (3, 146) = 3.47; P<.05}, and independently, socio-economic status {ß = -.23; t= -2.792; P<.05}, and {ß = .01; t= .04; P<.05} was found to have significant independent prediction; and family background shows insignificant prediction on academic achievement {ß = .12; t= 1.43; P<.05}. The study concluded that parenting styles and demographic factors have impact on academic achievement among adolescent students in Nigeria. It is recommended that the Ministry of Education should organise guidance and counselling programmes in the communities to sensitize and educate parents on various parenting issues.
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